Ah, you're right. I think jsgrahamus might be expecting result to be modified by this line:
(let (diagonals result row) (get-next-row board-size diagonals result)
..)
But it just creates a new shadowing binding for result, which exists only for the lifetime of the let, and is lost once the let is finished. Think of let as pushing a new value for its variable(s) on a stack before running its body, then popping the new values off, leaving behind any preexisting values.
Thanks, I'm familiar with that practice. I'm also used to passing by reference so that changes made to the variable in the newer function get passed back to the calling function.
Yeah, makes sense. However, let always creates a new binding and never modifies existing bindings. That's why it makes you indent its body to the right. Compare:
(= x 3 y 4)
(+ x y)
with:
(let (x y) '(3 4)
(+ x y))
The indentation is a hint that these are new x and y variables, compared to any earlier x and y variables.
Besides let there are indeed functions in Arc where you can pass lists or tables by reference (though not primitives like numbers or characters). However, it's usually a good idea to try to avoid these, again so you can practice a less imperative style of programming (http://arclanguage.org/item?id=19709). My usual approach is to first build a program with promiscuous copying everywhere, and then if it turns out to be too slow pick the 2% of cases that can speed it up a lot and make them destructive/call-by-reference, because the cost of doing so is that it makes the program harder to understand.
